Tim's Teachers Vocabulary Mastery - Chapter 5

Section 1 Learn the Words

Word	Part of speech	Definition	Chinese	Example
acquiesce	verb	to accept or agree to something reluctantly but without protest	默许；勉强同意	After several objections, the committee finally agreed to acquiesce to the revised schedule.
adamant	adjective	firmly refusing to change an opinion or decision	坚决的；坚定不移的	Even after hearing several arguments, Maya remained adamant that the safety rule should stay.
admonish	verb	to warn or criticize someone firmly but usually gently	告诫；责备	The coach had to admonish the players for ignoring the practice schedule.
affable	adjective	friendly, pleasant, and easy to talk to	和蔼的；友善的	The new counselor was affable, so students quickly felt comfortable speaking with her.
appease	verb	to calm or satisfy someone by giving them what they want	安抚；平息	The organizers added extra seating to appease parents who were worried about overcrowding.
apprehensive	adjective	worried or uneasy about something that may happen	忧虑的；担心的	Jonah felt apprehensive before presenting his project to a large audience.
articulate	adjective	able to express ideas clearly and effectively	善于表达的；口齿清楚的	The articulate speaker explained a complicated issue in language everyone could understand.
censure	verb	to express strong official criticism or disapproval	严厉批评；谴责	The board voted to censure the member for repeatedly ignoring its rules.
concur	verb	to agree with an opinion, decision, or conclusion	同意；赞同	After reviewing the evidence, the three judges concurred that the second proposal was stronger.
conspicuous	adjective	easy to notice because it stands out clearly	显眼的；引人注目的	The bright red backpack was conspicuous among the rows of black bags.
credulous	adjective	too ready to believe things without enough evidence	轻信的；易受骗的	A credulous reader may accept an online rumor without checking its source.
decorum	noun	proper and polite behavior appropriate to a situation	礼仪；得体的举止	The principal reminded the audience to maintain decorum during the awards ceremony.
deferential	adjective	showing respectful attention to someone of higher status or authority	恭敬的；顺从的	The student was deferential when asking the judge to reconsider the ruling.
disparage	verb	to speak about someone or something in a way that lowers its value or reputation	贬低；轻视	It is unfair to disparage a classmate's idea before hearing the full explanation.
dubious	adjective	doubtful, uncertain, or not likely to be trustworthy	可疑的；怀疑的	The claim sounded dubious because the website provided no evidence or sources.
erroneous	adjective	incorrect because of an error or mistaken belief	错误的；不正确的	The scientist corrected an erroneous calculation before publishing the report.
gregarious	adjective	sociable and enjoying the company of other people	合群的；爱交际的	Because Lena is gregarious, she enjoys clubs, group projects, and large gatherings.
indignant	adjective	angry because something seems unfair or insulting	愤慨的；愤怒的	The students were indignant when they were blamed for damage they had not caused.
lethargic	adjective	lacking energy, enthusiasm, or alertness	无精打采的；迟钝的	After staying up too late, Marco felt lethargic throughout the morning.
magnanimous	adjective	generous and forgiving, especially toward a rival or weaker person	宽宏大量的；宽厚的	The winner was magnanimous and praised her opponent's strong performance.
orthodox	adjective	following established, traditional, or widely accepted beliefs or methods	正统的；传统的	The researcher began with an orthodox method before testing a more unusual approach.
poignant	adjective	causing a strong feeling of sadness, sympathy, or emotional reflection	令人感伤的；深刻动人的	The final scene was poignant because it showed the friends saying goodbye after many years together.
reclusive	adjective	avoiding other people and preferring to live or spend time alone	隐居的；孤僻的	The reclusive author rarely appeared in public or gave interviews.
sporadic	adjective	happening occasionally or irregularly rather than continuously	零星的；偶发的	The town experienced sporadic power outages during the storm.
stringent	adjective	very strict, demanding, or severe	严格的；严厉的	The laboratory follows stringent safety rules when students handle chemicals.
superficial	adjective	concerned only with the surface and lacking depth or thoroughness	肤浅的；表面的	A superficial review of the evidence missed several important details.
taciturn	adjective	habitually quiet and unwilling to talk very much	沉默寡言的	The taciturn witness answered each question with only a few words.
vigilant	adjective	carefully watchful for possible danger or problems	警觉的；警惕的	Lifeguards must remain vigilant even when the pool appears calm.
whimsical	adjective	playfully unusual or based on sudden imaginative ideas	异想天开的；古怪有趣的	The illustrator filled the book with whimsical creatures wearing tiny hats.
zealous	adjective	showing intense enthusiasm and devotion to a cause or goal	热心的；狂热的	The zealous volunteers arrived early and stayed late to prepare the community event.

Section 2 Immediate Retrieval

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box
1	What word describes something that happens irregularly and only from time to time?	sporadic	sporadic	-
2	What word describes a claim that seems doubtful or untrustworthy?	dubious	dubious	-
3	What word describes a method that follows traditional or widely accepted practice?	orthodox	orthodox	-
4	What word describes information that is incorrect because of an error?	erroneous	erroneous	-
5	What word describes something that causes strong sadness or emotional reflection?	poignant	poignant	-
6	What word describes feeling unusually low in energy or alertness?	lethargic	lethargic	-
7	What word means proper and polite behavior for a particular situation?	decorum	decorum	-
8	What word means to agree with another person's conclusion or decision?	concur	concur	-
9	What word describes someone who is friendly, pleasant, and easy to talk to?	affable	affable	-
10	What word describes someone showing intense enthusiasm and devotion to a cause?	zealous	zealous	-
11	What word describes behavior that shows respectful attention to authority?	deferential	deferential	-
12	What word describes someone who firmly refuses to change a decision?	adamant	adamant	-
13	What word describes a person who is habitually quiet and says very little?	taciturn	taciturn	-
14	What word means to speak about someone or something in a way that lowers its reputation?	disparage	disparage	-
15	What word describes something playfully imaginative and unusually fanciful?	whimsical	whimsical	-
16	What word describes someone who expresses ideas clearly and effectively?	articulate	articulate	-
17	What word describes someone who remains carefully watchful for danger or problems?	vigilant	vigilant	-
18	What word describes someone who enjoys being around and interacting with other people?	gregarious	gregarious	-
19	What word describes someone who is generous and forgiving toward a rival?	magnanimous	magnanimous	-
20	What word means to warn or criticize someone firmly but not harshly?	admonish	admonish	-
21	What word means to express strong official criticism of someone's conduct?	censure	censure	-
22	What word describes an examination that lacks depth or thoroughness?	superficial	superficial	-
23	What word describes someone who believes claims too easily without enough evidence?	credulous	credulous	-
24	What word means to accept a decision reluctantly without continuing to protest?	acquiesce	acquiesce	-
25	What word describes something that is easy to notice because it stands out?	conspicuous	conspicuous	-
26	What word means to calm someone by satisfying a concern or demand?	appease	appease	-
27	What word describes rules or requirements that are extremely strict?	stringent	stringent	-
28	What word describes someone who avoids social contact and prefers being alone?	reclusive	reclusive	-
29	What word describes feeling worried about something that may happen?	apprehensive	apprehensive	-
30	What word describes anger caused by something unfair or insulting?	indignant	indignant	-

Section 3 Review from Earlier Chapters

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box
1	The reporter made a(n) ______ observation that revealed the weakness in the proposal.	astute	astute	-
2	Which earlier word best completes the sentence? TL appease TR persuade BL assist BR antagonize	antagonize	antagonize	BR
3	A neutral person was asked to settle the disagreement. Which earlier vocabulary word fits?	arbitrate	arbitrate	-
4	New evidence convinced the committee to ______ the student of responsibility for the damaged equipment.	absolve	absolve	-
5	Which earlier word best completes the sentence? TL ambivalent TR indifferent BL certain BR hostile	ambivalent	ambivalent	TL
6	The students needed to absorb and understand new information. Which earlier vocabulary word fits?	assimilate	assimilate	-
7	The young inventor made a(n) ______ attempt to redesign a machine that experts had struggled with for years.	audacious	audacious	-
8	Which earlier word best completes the sentence? TL cooperation TR ambivalence BL animosity BR respect	animosity	animosity	BL
9	The change made the problem less severe. Which earlier vocabulary word fits?	alleviate	alleviate	-
10	Giving the entire prize to a family in need was a(n) ______ decision.	altruistic	altruistic	-
11	Which earlier word best completes the sentence? TL favorable TR adverse BL stable BR mild	adverse	adverse	TR
12	The student showed sharp practical judgment about money. Which earlier vocabulary word fits?	acumen	acumen	-

Correct-answer positions: TL 1 / TR 1 / BL 1 / BR 1

Section 4 Context Practice

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box
1	The old photograph was especially ______ because it showed the family together before they moved apart. TL poignant TR acumen BL ordinary BR humorous	poignant	poignant	TL
2	After arguing for an hour, the minority finally agreed to ______ to the committee's decision. TL object TR negotiate BL appeal BR acquiesce	acquiesce	acquiesce	BR
3	After examining the data independently, both scientists ______ that the result was significant. TL hesitate TR concur BL wonder BR disagree	concur	concur	TR
4	The student's ______ analysis mentioned only obvious details and ignored the deeper argument. TL thorough TR insightful BL comprehensive BR superficial	superficial	superficial	BR
5	The ______ volunteers worked every weekend to protect the local wetlands. TL zealous TR audacious BL apathetic BR indifferent	zealous	zealous	TL
6	The doctor first recommended the ______ treatment that most specialists use for the condition. TL unconventional TR experimental BL orthodox BR antagonize	orthodox	orthodox	BL
7	Applicants must satisfy ______ requirements before they can enter the advanced program. TL flexible TR informal BL stringent BR lenient	stringent	stringent	BL
8	Against the gray wall, the bright orange warning sign looked extremely ______. TL conspicuous TR ordinary BL subtle BR animosity	conspicuous	conspicuous	TL
9	The candidate was ______ and explained her position clearly without relying on notes. TL rambling TR hesitant BL vague BR articulate	articulate	articulate	BR
10	The internet connection was ______, working well for a few minutes and then disappearing again. TL constant TR sporadic BL continuous BR steady	sporadic	sporadic	TR
11	Security officers remained ______ throughout the event because a large crowd was expected. TL careless TR vigilant BL distracted BR relaxed	vigilant	vigilant	TR
12	The ______ artist avoided interviews and rarely left his mountain home. TL reclusive TR sociable BL gregarious BR altruistic	reclusive	reclusive	TL
13	The report contained ______ information because one number had been entered incorrectly. TL acumen TR accurate BL precise BR erroneous	erroneous	erroneous	BR
14	The host was so ______ that even the shyest guests felt comfortable speaking with him. TL reserved TR distant BL affable BR stern	affable	affable	BL
15	The company offered refunds to ______ customers who were angry about the delay. TL adverse TR ignore BL challenge BR appease	appease	appease	BR
16	The council voted to ______ the official for violating its code of conduct. TL consult TR appoint BL censure BR praise	censure	censure	BL
17	Although she had won the contest, Maya was ______ and publicly praised the runner-up's work. TL magnanimous TR boastful BL petty BR resentful	magnanimous	magnanimous	TL
18	The students felt ______ before learning whether their project had qualified for the finals. TL confident TR apprehensive BL indifferent BR relieved	apprehensive	apprehensive	TR

Correct-answer positions: TL 5 / TR 4 / BL 4 / BR 5

Section 5 Semantic Discrimination

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box	Notes
1	A student gains energy from clubs, parties, and frequent interaction with many people. Which word fits most precisely? TL gregarious TR articulate BL acumen BR affable	gregarious	gregarious	TL
2	A parent hears several requests but still refuses to change a firm safety decision. Which word fits most precisely? TL decisive TR adamant BL confident BR dogmatic	adamant	adamant	TR
3	A story features talking teacups, upside-down castles, and playful events that follow imaginative rather than realistic logic. Which word fits most precisely? TL obscure TR eclectic BL altruistic BR whimsical	whimsical	whimsical	BR
4	A person immediately believes an astonishing rumor from an anonymous account without checking any facts. Which word fits most precisely? TL dubious TR apprehensive BL credulous BR skeptical	credulous	credulous	BL
5	A junior employee speaks with special respect to the director and gives extra weight to her opinion. Which word fits most precisely? TL taciturn TR alleviate BL affable BR deferential	deferential	deferential	BR
6	A coach quietly tells a player that the behavior was unacceptable and must not happen again. Which word fits most precisely? TL admonish TR advise BL censure BR disparage	admonish	admonish	TL
7	During a solemn ceremony, everyone is expected to behave with proper respect and courtesy. Which noun fits most precisely? TL discipline TR decorum BL courtesy BR adverse	decorum	decorum	TR
8	A competitor repeatedly makes belittling comments intended to make another team's work seem worthless. Which word fits most precisely? TL admonish TR dismiss BL disparage BR censure	disparage	disparage	BL	Look-alike trap: "dismiss" resembles DISPARAGE but does not share its meaning.
9	A student becomes angry after being publicly punished for something another student did. Which word fits most precisely? TL defensive TR indignant BL assimilate BR irritated	indignant	indignant	TR
10	A normally active person moves slowly, struggles to focus, and has almost no energy. Which word fits most precisely? TL lethargic TR reluctant BL distracted BR apathetic	lethargic	lethargic	TL
11	A person is not unfriendly but habitually speaks very little even among people they know. Which word fits most precisely? TL reclusive TR deferential BL apprehensive BR taciturn	taciturn	taciturn	BR
12	A source makes a remarkable claim but provides weak evidence and has a history of inaccuracies. Which word fits most precisely? TL apprehensive TR erroneous BL dubious BR superficial	dubious	dubious	BL

Correct-answer positions: TL 3 / TR 3 / BL 3 / BR 3

Section 6 Synonyms

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box	Notes
S1	VIGILANT: TL relaxed TR watchful BL distracted BR careless	watchful	vigilant	TR	Distracted is the strongest trap because vigilance requires sustained attention.
S2	DUBIOUS: TL questionable TR certain BL proven BR reliable	questionable	dubious	TL	Credible is the strongest trap because dubious claims are not readily trustworthy.
S3	ORTHODOX: TL radical TR unusual BL conventional BR experimental	conventional	orthodox	BL	Experimental is the strongest trap because orthodox methods follow established practice.
S4	INDIGNANT: TL amused TR calm BL pleased BR outraged	outraged	indignant	BR	Calm is the strongest trap because indignant people are angered by perceived unfairness.
S5	ADAMANT: TL flexible TR unyielding BL gentle BR uncertain	unyielding	adamant	TR	Flexible is the strongest trap because adamant describes someone who will not change position.
S6	APPEASE: TL placate TR challenge BL anger BR provoke	placate	appease	TL	Provoke is the clearest trap because it means to stir up rather than calm.
S7	CONCUR: TL oppose TR question BL doubt BR agree	agree	concur	BR	Oppose is the strongest trap because it is the opposite of concurring.
S8	CREDULOUS: TL gullible TR skeptical BL cautious BR critical	gullible	credulous	TL	Skeptical is the strongest trap because it is nearly the opposite of credulous.
S9	ZEALOUS: TL reluctant TR indifferent BL fervent BR apathetic	fervent	zealous	BL	Apathetic is the strongest trap because zealous people show intense enthusiasm.
S10	APPREHENSIVE: TL confident TR anxious BL carefree BR relieved	anxious	apprehensive	TR	Confident is tempting in situations involving future events, but apprehensive means worried.
S11	DISPARAGE: TL support TR admire BL praise BR belittle	belittle	disparage	BR	Praise is the strongest trap because disparage means to lower someone's reputation or value.
S12	STRINGENT: TL lenient TR strict BL casual BR flexible	strict	stringent	TR	Lenient is the strongest trap because stringent rules are demanding rather than permissive.
S13	SUPERFICIAL: TL shallow TR detailed BL profound BR thorough	shallow	superficial	TL	Thorough is the strongest trap because superficial work lacks depth and completeness.
S14	ACQUIESCE: TL protest TR argue BL consent BR refuse	consent	acquiesce	BL	Refuse is the tempting opposite, but acquiesce means to give in and consent.
S15	CENSURE: TL praise TR condemn BL approve BR appoint	condemn	censure	TR	Approve is tempting because both may be official actions, but censure expresses disapproval.
S16	LETHARGIC: TL active TR alert BL sluggish BR energetic	sluggish	lethargic	BL	Energetic is the strongest trap because lethargic describes very low energy.
S17	DECORUM: TL disorder TR haste BL rudeness BR propriety	propriety	decorum	BR	Rudeness is the strongest trap because decorum requires appropriate and respectful behavior.
S18	RECLUSIVE: TL solitary TR gregarious BL outgoing BR sociable	solitary	reclusive	TL	Gregarious is the strongest trap because it describes seeking social company rather than avoiding it.
S19	AFFABLE: TL amiable TR hostile BL reserved BR stern	amiable	affable	TL	Reserved can describe a pleasant person, but it does not mean warm and easy to talk to.
S20	GREGARIOUS: TL reclusive TR sociable BL reserved BR taciturn	sociable	gregarious	TR	Reclusive is the strongest trap because it describes avoiding the company that gregarious people enjoy.
S21	MAGNANIMOUS: TL petty TR vindictive BL selfish BR generous	generous	magnanimous	BR	Vindictive is a useful trap because a magnanimous rival forgives rather than seeks revenge.
S22	ADMONISH: TL praise TR reward BL reprimand BR ignore	reprimand	admonish	BL	Praise is tempting as another response to behavior, but it is the opposite of admonish.
S23	CONSPICUOUS: TL ordinary TR noticeable BL subtle BR hidden	noticeable	conspicuous	TR	Subtle is the strongest trap because conspicuous things are easy, not difficult, to notice.
S24	ARTICULATE: TL vague TR silent BL awkward BR expressive	expressive	articulate	BR	Vague is a useful trap because articulate speech is clear rather than unclear.
S25	TACITURN: TL talkative TR expressive BL reserved BR gregarious	reserved	taciturn	BL	Talkative is the strongest trap because taciturn people habitually say very little.
S26	WHIMSICAL: TL fanciful TR ordinary BL solemn BR realistic	fanciful	whimsical	TL	Realistic is the strongest trap because whimsical ideas are playfully imaginative rather than realistic.
S27	SPORADIC: TL continuous TR steady BL intermittent BR constant	intermittent	sporadic	BL	Continuous is the strongest trap because sporadic events occur only at intervals.
S28	DEFERENTIAL: TL arrogant TR casual BL defiant BR respectful	respectful	deferential	BR	Defiant is the strongest trap because deferential behavior shows respect rather than resistance.
S29	POIGNANT: TL moving TR trivial BL ordinary BR cheerful	moving	poignant	TL	Trivial is the strongest trap because poignant experiences carry strong emotional significance.
S30	ERRONEOUS: TL verified TR incorrect BL valid BR accurate	incorrect	erroneous	TR	Accurate is the strongest trap because erroneous information contains an error.

Correct-answer positions: TL 8 / TR 8 / BL 7 / BR 7

Section 7 Cumulative Reading

The Memorial Garden Debate — target words used in the passage: adamant, orthodox, whimsical, articulate, decorum, apprehensive, disparage, admonish, vigilant, affable, taciturn, poignant, zealous, acquiesce, dubious, erroneous, stringent, sporadic, indignant, magnanimous

Section 8 Reading & Application

#	Prompt	Answer	Box	Notes
1	Why did Maya remind the council to maintain decorum during the discussion? TL She believed only the traditional design should be discussed. TR She wanted students to avoid asking questions about the budget. BL She wanted the disagreement to remain respectful instead of becoming personal. BR She wanted the meeting to end before anyone could vote.	She wanted the disagreement to remain respectful instead of becoming personal.	BL	Passage: “Maya admonished the group and asked members to remain vigilant about the difference between criticizing an idea and attacking a person.”
2	What effect did Eli's story have on the debate? TL It caused the council to reject the traditional design completely. TR It convinced the council to cancel the garden. BL It made students more suspicious of the budget. BR It reduced the conflict and helped students become open to a compromise.	It reduced the conflict and helped students become open to a compromise.	BR	Passage: “His brief story was poignant, and even the most zealous supporters of competing plans stopped arguing.”
3	Why was the council's concern about the budget justified? TL A mistaken calculation had made the project seem much more expensive than it actually was. TR The most expensive design had already been ordered. BL The volunteers refused to work without being paid. BR The school had prohibited the use of donated materials.	A mistaken calculation had made the project seem much more expensive than it actually was.	TL	Passage: “Their caution proved useful: an erroneous total had made the project appear far more expensive than it really was.”
4	How did the final garden plan reflect both sides of the original disagreement?	It kept the traditional path while adding imaginative features from the more whimsical proposal.	-	Passage: “The traditional path could remain, while several whimsical features could make the space welcoming to younger students.” Model response: It kept the traditional path while adding imaginative features from the more whimsical proposal.
5	Describe a situation in which someone might begin adamant about a decision but eventually acquiesce.	A student might be adamant about doing a project alone but acquiesce after the teacher explains why teamwork is required.	-	Model response: A student might be adamant about doing a project alone but acquiesce after the teacher explains why teamwork is required.
6	Explain why being vigilant can prevent someone from being too credulous online.	A vigilant reader checks sources and evidence, so the reader is less likely to be credulous when seeing an unbelievable claim.	-	Model response: A vigilant reader checks sources and evidence, so the reader is less likely to be credulous when seeing an unbelievable claim.
7	Write about a situation in which a person could feel indignant but still choose to act magnanimously.	A player might feel indignant after an unfair call but act magnanimously by congratulating the other team instead of blaming them.	-	Model response: A player might feel indignant after an unfair call but act magnanimously by congratulating the other team instead of blaming them.

Correct-answer positions: TL 1 / TR 0 / BL 1 / BR 1

Section 9 Final Retrieval

#	Prompt	Answer	Scores as	Box
1	A student speaks with special respect toward an authority figure. Which lesson word fits?	deferential	deferential	-
2	A set of requirements allows almost no exceptions. Which lesson word fits?	stringent	stringent	-
3	Someone continuously watches for possible danger or problems. Which lesson word fits?	vigilant	vigilant	-
4	Someone refuses every request to change a firm decision. Which lesson word fits?	adamant	adamant	-
5	A winner treats a defeated rival generously instead of boasting. Which lesson word fits?	magnanimous	magnanimous	-
6	Someone tries to lower another person's reputation through belittling comments. Which lesson word fits?	disparage	disparage	-
7	Someone becomes angry because of treatment that seems unfair. Which lesson word fits?	indignant	indignant	-
8	A business offers a refund mainly to calm an angry customer. Which lesson word fits?	appease	appease	-
9	Formal behavior appropriate to a ceremony is expected. Which lesson word fits?	decorum	decorum	-
10	A design is playful, imaginative, and unusually fanciful. Which lesson word fits?	whimsical	whimsical	-
11	A person habitually says very little even when others are talking. Which lesson word fits?	taciturn	taciturn	-
12	Something occurs at irregular intervals rather than continuously. Which lesson word fits?	sporadic	sporadic	-
13	A scene causes deep sadness and thoughtful emotion. Which lesson word fits?	poignant	poignant	-
14	A statement is wrong because it is based on a mistaken calculation. Which lesson word fits?	erroneous	erroneous	-
15	A person has very little energy and responds slowly. Which lesson word fits?	lethargic	lethargic	-
16	A person is warm, approachable, and easy to speak with. Which lesson word fits?	affable	affable	-
17	A person shows intense devotion and enthusiasm for a cause. Which lesson word fits?	zealous	zealous	-
18	A student strongly enjoys social gatherings and group activities. Which lesson word fits?	gregarious	gregarious	-
19	A speaker expresses complicated ideas with unusual clarity. Which lesson word fits?	articulate	articulate	-
20	An organization formally condemns a member's misconduct. Which lesson word fits?	censure	censure	-
21	An object stands out so clearly that it is difficult not to notice. Which lesson word fits?	conspicuous	conspicuous	-
22	A claim seems questionable because its evidence is weak. Which lesson word fits?	dubious	dubious	-
23	A teacher firmly warns a student that the behavior must stop. Which lesson word fits?	admonish	admonish	-
24	A group stops resisting a decision even though it still dislikes it. Which lesson word fits?	acquiesce	acquiesce	-
25	A reader believes a remarkable rumor without checking any evidence. Which lesson word fits?	credulous	credulous	-
26	Two judges independently reach the same conclusion. Which lesson word fits?	concur	concur	-
27	A person avoids social contact and prefers to spend most time alone. Which lesson word fits?	reclusive	reclusive	-
28	A method follows traditional and widely accepted practice. Which lesson word fits?	orthodox	orthodox	-
29	A student feels uneasy while waiting for important results. Which lesson word fits?	apprehensive	apprehensive	-
30	An explanation considers only obvious surface details and lacks depth. Which lesson word fits?	superficial	superficial	-